Computer science essentials check

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Question 1 of 14How many bits make one byte?

8 bits4 bits16 bits

Question 2 of 14What best describes an algorithm?

A finite procedure for solving a problem or transforming dataA specific programming language used to write applicationsA physical processor component that stores files

Question 3 of 14Which complexity commonly describes scanning every element of an array once?

O(n)O(1)O(log n)

Question 4 of 14What operation is a major strength of arrays?

Direct access by indexConstant-time insertion at every possible positionAutomatically hashing arbitrary keys into buckets

Question 5 of 14Which ordering rule does a stack follow?

Last in, first outFirst in, first outLowest value always leaves first

Question 6 of 14What does a hash table primarily associate?

Keys with valuesThreads with operating-system processesIndividual bits with physical CPU cores

Question 7 of 14Why does a recursive function need a base case?

To provide a condition that stops further recursive callsTo automatically sort the function's inputTo allocate a database table for each call

Question 8 of 14Which data structure is commonly used for breadth-first tree or graph traversal?

QueueStackSingle numeric scalar

Question 9 of 14What important condition does ordinary binary search require?

The search space must be orderedThe values must be stored only in a linked listEvery value must appear at least twice

Question 10 of 14What does the call stack primarily track?

Active function calls and their execution statePersistent database recordsAll IP addresses available on the internet

Question 11 of 14What is a process in operating-system terminology?

A running program with associated runtime resourcesA source-code file that has never been executedA structure used only to accelerate database searches

Question 12 of 14What does a network port help identify?

An application endpoint on a networked machineA location in physical RAMA specific row in a relational database

Question 13 of 14What is a foreign key primarily used to represent in a relational database?

A relationship between recordsEncryption of database passwordsA route between network devices

Question 14 of 14Which statement best distinguishes concurrency from parallelism?

Concurrency allows overlapping progress, while parallelism means work executes simultaneouslyConcurrency and parallelism always mean exactly the same thingConcurrency applies only to databases, while parallelism applies only to networks

Choose one answer for every question, then check your answers.